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Thelocactus bicolor var. texensis Backeb.

Family: CACTACEAE · Variety or form of Thelocactus bicolor

Publication: Cactaceae (Backeberg) 6: 3872. 1962, not validly published

Description

Thelocactus bicolor var. texensis is an invalid name published by Backeberg in 1962 applying to a Texas form, however, such Texas plants show no significant differences from other Texas specimens, plants fitting Backeberg’s description cannot be set off from the variety schottii, but intergrade with the others and must be included within that variety, so this does not seem a valid basis for a variety, and the name probably should be dropped.

Habit: It is a globular usually solitary cactus.

Stem: Globose, ovoidal or slightly pyramidal, 8-20 cm tall, 5-12 cm wide.

Ribs: 8, distinct.

Tubercles: Rounded.

Areoles: With glands.

Central spines: 3-4, long, ochre to reddish, straight, acicular, the upper one often very long, somewhat flattened and papery.

Radial spines: 8-18, 10-30 mm long, ochre to reddish, straight or slightly bent inwards, acicular.

Flowers: 55-110 mm wide, magenta with a red throat.

Blooming season: Early spring to autumn.

Origin and Habitat

Texas (USA, North America)

Cultivation and Propagation

Thelocactus bicolor is a summer grower species easy to cultivate, more cold tolerant than most and less fussy regarding soil conditions.

Growth rate: It is a relatively rapidly growing and easily flowering species that will make clumps given the best conditions.

Soils: It likes very porous standard cactus mix soil, but can become too elongated if compost is too rich.

Repotting: Use pot with good drainage.

Watering: Water regularly from Spring to Autumn, but do not overwater(Rot prone), keep dry in winter.

Fertilization: Feed with a high potassium fertilizer in summer.

Hardiness: Reputedly somewhat resistant to frost if kept on the dry side prior to, and during, cold weather (hardy to -7 C ° C, or less for short periods).

Exposition: Requires full sun or light shade and careful watering to keep plant compact with strong coloured spines. Tends to bronze in strong light, which encourages flowering and heavy spine production.

Uses: It is an excellent plant for container growing. It always looks good and stays small. It look fine in a cold greenhouse and frame or outdoor in a rockery.

Pests & diseases: It may be attractive to a variety of insects, but plants in good condition should be nearly pest-free, particularly if they are grown in a mineral potting-mix, with good exposure and ventilation. Nonetheless, there are several pests to watch for:

- Red spiders: Red spiders may be effectively rubbed up by watering the infested plants from above.

- Mealy bugs: Mealy bugs occasionally develop aerial into the new growth among the wool with disfiguring results, but the worst types develop underground on the roots and are invisible except by their effects.

- Sciara Flies: Sciara flies are one of the major problems for seedlings. It is a good practice to mulch your seedlings with a layer of grit, which will strongly discourage the flies.

- Scales: Scales are rarely a problem.

It is wise to treat your whole collection with a systemic insecticide twice a year in spring and autumn.

- Rot: Rot is only a minor problem with cacti if the plants are watered and “aired” correctly. If they are not, fungicides won’t help all that much.

Propagation: From seed, since the plant rarely produces plantlets.. Seeds germinate in 7-14 days at 21-27° C in spring, remove gradually the glass cover as soon the plants will be well rooted (ca 1-2 weeks) and keep ventilated, no full sun for young plants!

Bibliography

Major references and further lectures

  1. Edward Anderson “The Cactus family” Timber Press, Incorporated, 2001

  2. Goettsch, B.K., Heil, K., Terry, M. & Corral-Díaz, R. 2013. Thelocactus bicolor. In: IUCN 2013. “IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.” Version 2013.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 11 January 2014.

  3. James Cullen, Sabina G. Knees, H. Suzanne Cubey “The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants: A Manual for the Identification of Plants Cultivated in Europe, Both Out-of-Doors and Under Glass” Cambridge University Press, 11/Aug/2011

  4. David R Hunt; Nigel P Taylor; Graham Charles; International Cactaceae Systematics Group. “The New Cactus Lexicon” dh books, 2006

  5. Nathaniel Lord Britton, Joseph Nelson Rose “Cactaceae: Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family” Courier Dover Publications, 1963

  6. Del Weniger “Cacti of the Southwest: Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana” University of Texas Press, 1969